A draft. Engineering estimates, not yet built or measured. Wiring and fusing must be checked by a licensed electrician before anything is connected. Brand names are examples of a kind of part, not endorsements.
一、百年节点
一台小型、密封、太阳能驱动的计算机，在风暴、停电和数十年间保存本会的记录。它日夜耗电约 15 瓦，来自一块太阳能板和一块电池。
先说老实话。没有哪件电子部件无人照料就能用一百年。电池约十年损耗，计算机七到十年，太阳能板二十五到三十年。一百年要像让一艘老船继续航行那样达成：靠一份更换日历，由人来执行。记录本身由这里两样能撑过一个世纪的东西承载：M-DISC 光盘（厂商宣称数百年，尚未经时间证明）和以碳墨书写的棉纸（已由数百年的档案证明）。计算机为记录服务；它不是记录本身。
1. 整体，一图看清
2. 能量，算清楚
Load: 15 W × 24 h = 360 Wh a day
Reserve: 3 cloudy days × 360 Wh = 1,080 Wh
Battery: 1,080 Wh ÷ 0.80 (use only 80%) = 1,350 Wh → a 12 V 110–120 Ah battery for a full 3 days
a 12 V 100 Ah battery (1,280 Wh) × 0.80 = 1,024 Wh → about 2.8 days (2.6 counting the converter's loss): enough to begin
Sun: Jacksonville averages about 4.5–5 full-sun hours a day; about 3.5 in December (estimate)
Panel: 200 W × 4.5 h × 0.75 (losses, heat, angle) ≈ 675 Wh a day → about 1.9 × the load
200 W × 3.5 h × 0.75 ≈ 525 Wh a day in December → still above 360
Converter: 15 W ÷ 0.90 (the buck's own loss) ≈ 16.7 W → about 400 Wh a day drawn: still under the December 525
Ageing: the panel loseth about 0.5% a year; after 25 years 200 W × 0.88 ≈ 176 W → 462 Wh in December, still above 400
2a. The currents, and what they ask of the wire
Charging: 200 W ÷ 13.6 V (charging voltage) ≈ 14.7 A → within the 75/15's 15 A limit; the controller caps it there
Fuse: 15 A × 1.25 (headroom for a fuse) ≈ 19 A → a 20 A fuse between controller and battery
Load: 16.7 W ÷ 12.8 V ≈ 1.3 A → a 5 A fuse on the computer's line, 2 A on the radio
Wire: 10 AWG (5–6 mm²) from controller to battery, at most 1 m: the drop is under 1% at 15 A
Panel: a 12 V 200 W panel is about 22–24 V open-circuit, about 26 V on a frozen morning; the 75/15 taketh up to 75 V
Lightning: panel frame, rack and case bonded to one ground rod, 8 ft, with 6 AWG bare copper
第二块电池（或一块 120 Ah 的）可撑满三天。先测一个月的实际耗电，再决定是否多买。
3. 机箱与遮阴
- 在佛罗里达，热是第一大敌：阳光直射下的密封机箱内部可超过 50 °C。完全遮阴、漆成白色，并让铝板把热量导向箱壁。
- 盐与潮湿是第二大敌。密封圈涂食品级硅脂；两包可再生的硅胶干燥剂；记录湿度，好让失效的密封在造成损害前就显现出来。
- 离地安装，避开洪水所及，接地，并尽可能远离含盐的浪花。
4. 部件
| Part | Example | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Computer | Intel N100 mini-PC (e.g. Radxa X4) or Raspberry Pi 5 8 GB with an M.2 board | 6–9 W at rest, enough to keep mirrors and the log |
| Storage (hot) | 2 × NVMe SSD, ZFS mirror | a disk may die without losing the record |
| Battery | 12 V 100 Ah LiFePO4 with Bluetooth BMS (e.g. Epoch, Redodo) | 3,000–5,000 cycles; safe chemistry |
| Panel | 200 W 12 V rigid monocrystalline (e.g. Renogy, Rich Solar) | about 1.9 × the daily load in an average Jacksonville day |
| Controller | Victron SmartSolar MPPT 75/15 | high efficiency; temperature limits for charging |
| Case | NEMA-4X polycarbonate, ~16 × 14 × 8 in, or Pelican 1510 | sealed against rain, dust and corrosion |
| Radio | Heltec V3 or LilyGO T-Beam, Meshtastic firmware, 915 MHz | text and telemetry when phones and internet are down |
| Sensors | BME280 (inside air) + battery temperature probe | the node reports its own health |
| Protection | fuses, PV breaker, silica gel, silicone grease, cable glands, grounding | safety, and a long dry life |
| Cold archive | M-DISC BD-R (25 GB) × 2 copies + a writer that supports M-DISC | the record, readable without the node |
| Analog archive | 100% cotton paper, carbon or archival pigment ink, Mylar sleeves, oxygen absorbers | the core, readable by eye with no power at all |
5. 记录的三个层级
| Tier | Holds | Carrier | Kept by |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hot | everything, live | the node's mirrored disks; copied to a second machine | the node, checked nightly |
| Cold | full history, logs, media, code (about 25 GB) | two M-DISCs, stored apart | a person: test-read every two years |
| Analog | the core: standing commitments, canons, public keys, the ledger (about 12 pages) | cotton paper, sealed with desiccant | a person: inspected twice a year |
6. 百年日历
什么会损耗，多久更换一次，一百年里换几次。这些是规划数字；节点自己的日志会修正它们。
| Part | Expected life | Replace or check | Times in 100 years |
|---|---|---|---|
| Silica gel, gasket grease | months | dry the gel and inspect twice a year | 200 checks |
| M-DISC copies | maker claims centuries (unproved) | test-read every 2 years; burn a fresh pair every 10 | 10 new pairs |
| Paper core | centuries if dry and dark | inspect twice a year; reprint any page that changes | as ruled |
| SSDs | 5–10 years | replace one side of the mirror at a time | about 12 |
| Computer | 7–10 years | replace with the then low-power equal | about 10–14 |
| Battery | about 10 years at 80% depth | replace when capacity falls below 70% | about 10 |
| Charge controller | 10–15 years | replace | about 7 |
| Case and glands | 15–25 years in sun-shade | replace | about 5 |
| Panel | 25–30 years | replace | about 4 |
真正的百年部件是守护者。只有当有人执行日历、记下每次更换并训练下一位时，日历才有用。节点应当提醒他们：它知道自己的年岁和每个部件的年岁。
7. 未决问题
- 第一个节点设在哪里：本会家中，还是远处的第二个地点？
- 一开始就按满三天配置（120 Ah 或两块电池），还是先用 100 Ah 再测量？
- 在我们之后，谁来执行百年日历，它写在哪里？
二、守护者的装备
线上每位守护者随身携带的个人装备：一台计算机、一部电台、自带能源和记录，小到装得进一个包，不靠电网、不靠手机网络、也不靠互联网就能工作。与节点出自同一系列部件，好让守护者两者都能修。
1. 装备，一图看清
2. 能量，算清楚
Computer: 12 W × 3 hours a day = 36 Wh
Radio: 0.5 W × 24 hours = 12 Wh
Phone: one charge = 15 Wh
Day's use ≈ 63 Wh
Bank: 250 Wh × 0.9 (losses) ≈ 225 Wh → about 3½ days with no sun
Panel: 100 W × 3.5 sun-hours × 0.6 ≈ 210 Wh a day (folding panels lose more to angle and heat)
3. 部件
| Part | Example of the class | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Computer | a repairable laptop (e.g. Framework 13) or a Pi 5 handheld ("cyberdeck") | parts can be swapped by hand; runs the same Linux as the node |
| Radio | Meshtastic handheld (e.g. LilyGO T-Echo or T-Deck), 915 MHz | talks with the node and other keepers with no network |
| Power bank | LiFePO4, about 250 Wh, USB-C PD 100 W + 12 V socket | safe chemistry; charges everything |
| Panel | folding 60–100 W with USB-C PD and 12 V outputs | a day's use from an ordinary day's sun |
| Storage | 1–2 TB SSD (the whole corpus) + a microSD copy, both encrypted | two copies on the person, one small enough to hide |
| Paper | the core on cotton paper in a Mylar sleeve; a notebook and pencil | works when everything else does not |
| Bag | water-resistant, with a shielded (Faraday) pouch for the drives | dry, and safe from a surge or a careless scan |
| Tools | small driver set, spare fuses, cables, tape, a multimeter | a keeper mends their own gear |
4. 装备守则
- 一种插头。能用 USB-C 就用 USB-C；不能时用 12 V。
- 身上两份，家中一份。装备从不持有任何东西的唯一副本。
- 可修胜过强大。选择守护者能打开、能修理的部件。
- 离线优先。装备中的每件工具在没有网络时都能工作；网络只是附加。
- 静态加密。丢一个包，丢的是装备，绝不会丢掉记录里的人。
5. 未决问题
- 第一套装备用笔记本电脑还是手持设备？（笔记本：工作更方便。手持：更轻，更接近节点。）
- 要几套装备：每位一家之主一套，还是随着线的增长每位守护者一套？
- 装备规格是否应在适当时候公开，好让其他守护者自己制作？
三、太空种子
本会随每艘飞船、每颗卫星或每处定居点送出的东西：装在罐中的记录，以及一个能在远离太阳处保存它的节点。取自外部读者对“0.5 升档案核心”的草图及其深空笔记，在此分两件绘出。
老实话。这些都还没飞过。M-DISC 和棉纸从未经受数十年的真空、严寒和辐射考验，而放射性同位素电源只有航天机构或获许可的任务才能携带。这些图纸显示的是它的形状，有待一件件证明。
1. 种子罐，剖开
| Tier | In the can | Read with |
|---|---|---|
| Hot | microSD: the whole working record and its software | any computer on board |
| Cold | two M-DISCs: the full history, the Record of Errors, the canon's history | a disc reader, carried or made |
| Analog | cotton paper: the standing commitments, the canon, the public keys | the eye |
2. 深空节点，侧视
| Danger in space | On the ground | In space |
|---|---|---|
| Power | 12 V LiFePO4 + 200 W panel | solar wings near the sun; a radioisotope source far from it, where a mission carries one |
| Heat | shade, a white case, an aluminium plate | radiator panels that shed heat to the cold of space |
| Radiation | none to speak of | shielding (polyethylene, water) and three computers that vote, so one struck by a particle is outvoted |
| Distance | a second machine, minutes away | minutes to hours of light-delay: the node decides for itself and records why |
| Witness | Bitcoin, anchored nightly | a local hash-chain, anchored when Earth can be reached |
3. 未决问题
- 是否现在就做第一颗种子，放在地面上，作为将来上天那颗的练习？
- 棉纸宪章上写什么：只写阶梯，还是连同正典与密钥一并写上？
出处：第一部分依据本会从外部AI读者处收集的回答中的规格（15 瓦节点、电池与日照计算、NEMA-4X 设计、档案核心各层级及其维护）。杰克逊维尔的日照时数为估计值，购买前应以 NREL 数据核对。